Products related to Bias:
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Science Fictions : Exposing Fraud, Bias, Negligence and Hype in Science
'Required reading for everyone' Adam RutherfordShortlisted for the Royal Society Science Book Prize 2021 Medicine, education, psychology, economics - wherever it really matters, we look to science for guidance.But what if science itself can't always be relied on?In this vital investigation, Stuart Ritchie reveals the disturbing flaws in today's science that undermine our understanding of the world and threaten human lives.With bias, careless mistakes and even outright forgery influencing everything from austerity economics to the anti-vaccination movement, he proposes vital remedies to save and protect science - this most valuable of human endeavours - from itself. * With a new afterword by the author *'Thrilling...Reminds us that another world is possible' The Times, Books of the Year'Excellent...We need better science. That's why books like this are so important' Evening Standard
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Anthropic Bias : Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy
Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence.This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy.There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room. And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?"). Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.
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Unreliable : Bias, Fraud, and the Reproducibility Crisis in Biomedical Research
Reproducibility is fundamental to the scientific method.After reading a paper describing research findings, a scientist should be able to repeat the experiment and obtain the same results.Yet an alarming number—perhaps as high as 90 percent—of published biomedical research papers face challenges in independent replication.Such issues range from honest mistakes to outright fraud.The scope of this crisis, however, underscores deeper systemic issues within the scientific community: its culture, incentives, and institutions. In Unreliable, the distinguished scientist Csaba Szabo examines the causes and consequences of the reproducibility crisis in biomedical research, showing why the factors that encourage misconduct stem from flaws in real-world science.There are many culprits, including commonplace research methods and dubious statistical techniques.Academic career incentives, hypercompetition for grant funding, and a bias toward publishing positive results have exacerbated the problem.Deliberate data manipulation and fabricated findings churned out by “paper mills” are disturbingly common.Academic institutions and publishers, for their part, have perpetuated a culture of impunity. Szabo explores how these failures have hindered scientific progress and impeded the development of new treatments, and he introduces readers to the “science sleuths” who tirelessly uncover misconduct.He proposes comprehensive reforms, from scientific training to the grant system through the publication process, to address the root causes of the crisis.Written in clear language and leavened with a keen sense of irony, Unreliable is an essential account of the reproducibility crisis that gives readers an inside look at how science is actually done.
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Unreliable : Bias, Fraud, and the Reproducibility Crisis in Biomedical Research
Reproducibility is fundamental to the scientific method.After reading a paper describing research findings, a scientist should be able to repeat the experiment and obtain the same results.Yet an alarming number—perhaps as high as 90 percent—of published biomedical research papers face challenges in independent replication.Such issues range from honest mistakes to outright fraud.The scope of this crisis, however, underscores deeper systemic issues within the scientific community: its culture, incentives, and institutions. In Unreliable, the distinguished scientist Csaba Szabo examines the causes and consequences of the reproducibility crisis in biomedical research, showing why the factors that encourage misconduct stem from flaws in real-world science.There are many culprits, including commonplace research methods and dubious statistical techniques.Academic career incentives, hypercompetition for grant funding, and a bias toward publishing positive results have exacerbated the problem.Deliberate data manipulation and fabricated findings churned out by “paper mills” are disturbingly common.Academic institutions and publishers, for their part, have perpetuated a culture of impunity. Szabo explores how these failures have hindered scientific progress and impeded the development of new treatments, and he introduces readers to the “science sleuths” who tirelessly uncover misconduct.He proposes comprehensive reforms, from scientific training to the grant system through the publication process, to address the root causes of the crisis.Written in clear language and leavened with a keen sense of irony, Unreliable is an essential account of the reproducibility crisis that gives readers an inside look at how science is actually done.
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Who is your Blackpink bias and bias wrecker and why?
My Blackpink bias is Lisa because of her incredible stage presence, powerful dancing, and unique fashion sense. She always brings a high level of energy and charisma to their performances. My bias wrecker is Jisoo because of her stunning visuals, sweet personality, and strong vocal abilities. She has a way of capturing my attention with her charm and talent.
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What is your Itzy bias and who is your bias-wrecker?
My Itzy bias is Lia, because I love her powerful vocals and stage presence. My bias-wrecker is Yuna, because she has a captivating and charismatic aura that always catches my attention. Both of them are incredibly talented and bring something unique to the group, making it hard to choose just one favorite member!
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Who is your bias?
As an AI language model, I do not have personal preferences or biases. My purpose is to provide information and assistance to the best of my abilities without any personal inclinations.
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'Exclusion due to bias?'
Exclusion due to bias refers to the act of leaving out or discriminating against individuals or groups based on preconceived notions, stereotypes, or prejudices. This can occur in various aspects of life, such as employment, education, housing, or social interactions. Exclusion due to bias can have detrimental effects on the individuals or groups being targeted, leading to feelings of marginalization, inequality, and injustice. It is important to address and challenge bias in order to create a more inclusive and equitable society.
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Heteronormative Bias
Sexuality and Gender Now uses a psychoanalytic approach to arrive at a more informed view of the experience and relationships of those whose sexuality and gender may not align with the heterosexual "norm".This book confronts the heteronormative bias dominant in psychoanalysis, using a combination of theoretical and clinical material, offering an important training tool as well as being relevant for practicing clinicians.The contributors address the shift clinicians must make not only to support their patients in a more informed and non-prejudicial way, but also to recognise their own need for support in developing their clinical thinking.They challenge assumptions, deconstruct theoretical ideas, extend psychoanalytic concepts, and, importantly, show how clinicians can attend to their pre-conscious assumptions.They also explore the issue of erotic transference and countertransference, which, if unaddressed, can limit the possibilities for supporting patients more fully to explore their sexuality and gender.Theories of psychosexuality have tended to become split off from the main field of psychoanalytic thought and practice or read from an assumed moral high ground of heteronormativity.The book specifically addresses this bias and introduces new ways of using psychoanalytic ideas.The contributors advocate a wider and more flexible attitude to sexuality in general, which can illuminate an understanding of all sexualities, including heterosexuality. Sexuality and Gender Now will be essential reading for professionals and students of psychoanalysis who want to broaden their understanding of sexuality and gender in their clinical practice beyond heteronormative assumptions.
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Bias Bungalows
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The Information Manifold : Why Computers Can't Solve Algorithmic Bias and Fake News
An argument that information exists at different levels of analysis-syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic-and an exploration of the implications. Although this is the Information Age, there is no universal agreement about what information really is.Different disciplines view information differently; engineers, computer scientists, economists, linguists, and philosophers all take varying and apparently disconnected approaches.In this book, Antonio Badia distinguishes four levels of analysis brought to bear on information: syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and network-based.Badia explains each of these theoretical approaches in turn, discussing, among other topics, theories of Claude Shannon and Andrey Kolomogorov, Fred Dretske's description of information flow, and ideas on receiver impact and informational interactions.Badia argues that all these theories describe the same phenomena from different perspectives, each one narrower than the previous one.The syntactic approach is the more general one, but it fails to specify when information is meaningful to an agent, which is the focus of the semantic and pragmatic approaches.The network-based approach, meanwhile, provides a framework to understand information use among agents. Badia then explores the consequences of understanding information as existing at several levels.Humans live at the semantic and pragmatic level (and at the network level as a society), computers at the syntactic level.This sheds light on some recent issues, including "fake news" (computers cannot tell whether a statement is true or not, because truth is a semantic notion) and "algorithmic bias" (a pragmatic, not syntactic concern).Humans, not computers, the book argues, have the ability to solve these issues.
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RF Blocker Bias Coaxial Feed Bias Tee 10MHz-6GHz Broadband Radio Frequency Microwave Coaxial Bias
RF Blocker Bias Coaxial Feed Bias Tee 10MHz-6GHz Broadband Radio Frequency Microwave Coaxial Bias
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What is BTS's bias?
BTS's bias refers to the member of the group that a fan favors or supports the most. Each fan may have a different bias based on their personal preferences and connections with the members. The bias can change over time as fans get to know the members better and as the group releases new music and content. Overall, BTS's bias is a personal choice and can vary among their diverse fanbase.
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What does bias mean?
Bias refers to a prejudice or inclination towards a particular perspective, idea, or group, which may result in unfair treatment or judgment. It can manifest in various forms, such as personal biases based on individual experiences or societal biases rooted in cultural norms and stereotypes. Bias can impact decision-making, behavior, and attitudes, and it is important to recognize and address biases in order to promote fairness and equality.
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Who is your bias and who is your bias-wrecker in WayV?
My bias in WayV is Ten because of his incredible dancing skills and stage presence. My bias-wrecker in WayV is Xiaojun because of his powerful vocals and charming personality. Both of them never fail to impress me with their talents and charisma.
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Who is your bias and who is your bias-wrecker in ITZY?
My bias in ITZY is Yuna. I admire her talent, charisma, and stage presence. My bias-wrecker in ITZY is Ryujin. Her powerful dance skills and unique charm always catch my attention.
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